2/3的癌症难以避免

Two thirds of cancers are unavoidable even if you live a healthy life, a study has shown.

研究表明,即使生活方式健康,依然有三分之二的癌症是难以避免的。

Scientists in the US found cancers are caused by random1 mistakes in the genetic2 code that occur when cells divide.

The findings challenge the widespread view that cancer mutations are generally inherited or triggered by environmental factors.

Instead, the vast majority of cancers are probably down to unlucky defects in replicating3 DNA4 that occur out of the blue, they suggest.

Lead scientist Dr Cristian Tomasetti, from Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center in the US, said: “It is well-known that we must avoid environmental factors such as smoking to decrease our risk of getting cancer.

“But it is not as well-known that each time a normal cell divides and copies its DNA to produce two new cells, it makes multiple mistakes.

“These copying mistakes are a potent5 source of cancer mutations that historically have been scientifically undervalued, and this new work provides the first estimate of the fraction of mutations caused by these mistakes.”

The research, published in the journal Science, indicates that almost two-thirds of cancer-causing mutations are due to DNA copying errors.

1 random HT9xd

adj.随机的;任意的;n.偶然的(或随便的)行动
参考例句:
The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查,发现肉变质了。
2 genetic PgIxp
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
参考例句:
It’s very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
3 replicating f99e0d57427bf581c14df13d1256bc97
复制( replicate的现在分词 ); 重复; 再造; 再生
参考例句:
Applications create these partitions for storing and replicating data. 应用程序创建这些分区用来储存和复制数据。
The closest real things to these creatures were bits of self-replicating RNA. 最贴近这些造物的实物是能做一点微不足道的自复制的核糖核酸。
4 DNA 4u3z1l
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
参考例句:
DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
5 potent C1uzk
adj.强有力的,有权势的;有效力的
参考例句:
The medicine had a potent effect on your disease.这药物对你的病疗效很大。
We must account of his potent influence.我们必须考虑他的强有力的影响。

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该日志由 1zanxin 于2017年06月12日发表在 杂谈 分类下,
原创文章转载请注明: 2/3的癌症难以避免 | 英语学习网站大全的博客

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